Cognitive psy-week 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cognitive psy-week 1 - Essay Example Milgram’s classic yet controversial experiment illustrates people's reluctance to confront those who abuse power. He uses research methods tools like controlled observation and case study to find underlying causes to investigate the psychological effects on individuals who are pressurized to act in a way that they personally might not approve of. References Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View. New York: Harper and Row. . Compare and contrast the methods, and highlight their relative strengths and weaknesses. There are several advantages of adopting a case study method to conduct research. Firstly through the use of this method there is sufficient room for the researcher to explore solutions for situations that are complex in nature. They aid in providing a focus on specific characteristics and enable the accumulation of a wide range of data which results not only in the development of analytic and problem solving skills but also adds on to the stre ngth of previously conducted research (Sternberg, 2009). However one weakness could be inaccuracy or inconclusive results if insufficient information is present. Another weakness can be if observed too closely the subjects might change their behavior. To combat this very weakness Milgram introduced the research tool of controlled observation which helped the manipulation of variables to induce situations which the researcher is most interested in. One disadvantage, one which is also a criticism of Milgram’s study, is that of a lack of ecological validity. This according to Sternberg (2009), is a key ingredient which determines the scope, relevance and practical application of a experiment. References Brown, R. (1986). Social Forces in Obedience and Rebellion. Social Psychology: The Second Edition. New York: The Free Press Sternberg, R. (2009). Cognitive psychology (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning. Assignment # 4 Respond to at least one of your colleagues' po stings who chose a method different from the one you wrote about. The breech in social class leading to a disparity in facilities and the aid provided for academic success resulting in such a huge gap in scores of the two social classes is indeed a commendable observation. The fact that this observation is verified with the provision of the facts by the Department of Education adds an element of validity to this observation. The controlled experiment design suggested is well developed and naturalistic observation would give the experiment an essence of ecological validity. Furthermore the detailed compare and contrast of the two methods is a reflection of the clear understanding of what these two research tools entail. The research suggested compels an individual to question if IQ isn’t the key factor determining intelligence what really is? Also are aiding facilities provided in the educational institutes and an individual’s personal life that critical in determining academic

Do you agree with the liberal argument that globalisation increases Essay

Do you agree with the liberal argument that globalisation increases growth and reduces poverty and inequality Explain your reasoning and illustrate it with appropriate examples - Essay Example Globalization is a system that began in 1980 that is characterized by the increasing integration of the economic system and societies through financial services, the flow of ideas and information (Elmawazini, Khalid & Nwankwo 23). Increasing integration is mainly driven by improving technology leading to reduction of costs and removal of barriers that used to slow the movement of goods and services from one place to another. One of the motives of globalization was to open markets and seek raw materials for goods and services in all four corners of the globe. It began with the elimination of tariffs and non-tariff barriers to trade and this was quickly followed by monetary and fiscal reforms, privatization, and deregulation meant to streamline economics and commerce on the global scene (Gindling & Terell 910). In order to fully analyze the impact of globalization on poverty, we need to fully determine he income accrual to individuals globally and access the basic living standards of all the societies in the world. Is as much as this indication may be real, it is also good to notice that the cost of living also varies from one point to another depending on the economic stability and prosperity of a country. The poor people are thus those whose material, cultural and social resources are below par when compared to the standard resources in other places perceived to be rich (Asongu 27). According to United Nations, about 20% of the global population live below one dollar per day to mean that they are considered poor people. This percentage of the global population stands at over one billion people who are struggling to survive in this new dispensation of globalization. Globalization has always been cited to reduce poverty, but, despite the world practicing globalization over the past three decades, it is still evident that a good

A Dolls House - Henrik Ibsen Essay Example for Free

A Dolls House Henrik Ibsen Essay Henrik Ibsens in one of his most revolutionary plays, A Dolls House, filled his set and narrative with symbols that emphasised the idea that above everything, one must be an individual. Doors, macaroons and the tarantella are all symbols that are used by Ibsen to convey to the audience that the life of Nora and Torvald isnt what it seems to the naked eye. The doors in the dolls house set, are emphasised, to symbolise the separate worlds Nora and Torvald live in; the illusive macaroons symbolise the control Torvald has over his wife and the wild tarantella dance is symbolic of Noras desire to escape from her restricted and heavily defined existence. Doors in A Dolls House are not just a wooden blocks that can be used as a thoroughfare between rooms; they are used to distinguish between the two different spheres, Noras sphere and Torvalds sphere. All throughout the play, Nora never enters her husbands world. Guests for Torvald were instructed to not come in here (Noras living room), and they went on into Torvalds study. As Krogstad slammed the door on the way out of his house, Noras world was smashed into a million shards of tiny fragile pieces. The character of Nora is sent into a spiral of depression, anxiety and out-right craziness that turned a seemingly normal dance into a 19th century movement of oppressed emotions. The macaroons that Nora possesses in the beginning of the play are more than just a common snack. Nora has the macaroons in the early stages of the play, with Torvald around. They give the audience the knowledge of Noras child-like behaviour and emotions. All through A Dolls House, Torvald treats Nora like an inexperienced child, and the macaroons are one of many indications of this. She offers it to guests as they enter her world, but not to her husband, in which she hides them from him. The child-like behaviour is also witnessed in the scene where Nora is playing with her children, calling them little dolls and playing with them like they are her friends and shes not their mother. This child-like behaviour was encouraged by Torvald, by simple nicknames, such as skylark and mockingbird, to make Nora be more immature towards Torvald and keeping her youthfulness that he liked so much. The infamous dance, the tarantella, was an expression of the oppressed society that woman had to go through in the 19th century. The tarantella was used to convey emotions that woman couldnt express in normal, everyday life. They used raw energy to express that raw emotion. In A Dolls House, Nora uses, just as other woman have, to express and release the oppressed emotion that was given by Torvald towards her. In the scene where Nora is dancing for Torvald as practice of the dance and Dr. Rank comes in, Torvald keeps telling Nora to stop it and do it as I said. Nora is completely oblivious to Torvald and keeps on dancing in her own style. Dr. Rank comes in and takes over Torvalds role as piano player to fuel the flame that Nora was burning. The dance becomes more and more wild as the scene progresses, until the music stops and Nora is just still. The oppressive moment of woman in the 19th century created this dance. A Dolls House uses this symbols of child-like behaviour, different worlds and an oppressed dance to show the audience that the world of the 19th century wasnt a blissful place where men and woman were equal in everything they had rights to, like they do now. Torvald showed that he was a man of conformity and tried his best to bend his family into the social norms of the time. Torvald never let Nora have her way and treated her like a child, making her regress into one and even making her be his child. She was scared to wrong by her husband, even hiding a simple sweet from him so he wouldnt find out that she was eating it. By the end of A Dolls House , Nora grows up. After the problems arisen by Krogstad, she learns that her husband isnt her saviour anymore and she doesnt love him. The party ended when Torvald wanted to leave. Nora got home and changed out of her formal attire, and into outdoor wear, making Torvald wonder, Why are you dressed like that? The taking off of her formal clothes gives the impression that Nora is now taking off her old life, her oppressed life, and starting afresh. After an emotional discussion with Torvald, she ends up leaving him and the children. Walking out of her house, through the door, again is symbolising the end of something. This time its Noras life with Torvald. As the door closes, this time its Torvald who breaks down, mirroring Noras emotions when Krogstad leaves the  letter in the letter box. Symbolisation is a major part in any play, even more so in A Dolls House. The emotion scenes with Nora, Torvald, Dr. Rank and even Krogstad wouldnt be the same without objects such as the doors or macaroons, or the two different spheres dividing Noras world and Torvalds. The dance itself plays a vital role of showing emotion without the notice of Noras own husband. Without such devices, A Dolls House wouldnt be the same revolutionary play that we see today; it would just be mere words on a page. Bibliography: A Dolls House Henrik Ibsen

Comparing Coming of Age in The Chocolate War and Boys Life :: comparison compare contrast essays

Coming of Age in The Chocolate War and Boy's Life Cory in Boy's Life and Jerry in The Chocolate War are examples of characters in a bildungsroman Many high school students read coming of age novels, or bildungsromans such as: Kidnapped, The Outsiders, To Kill a Mocking Bird, and many others. What these students, however, do not realize while reading these novels is that the protagonist of the story is growing and changing throughout the novel in many ways. Many of these changes are results of conflicts, which most teens face throughout their lives. In Boys Life, by Robert McCammon, and The Chocolate War, by Robert Cormier, the male protagonist encounter many conflicts, in which most teens can relate to in everyday life. These two books are examples of bildungsromans because both, Cory and Jerry change throughout the novel because of their mental tests and physical abuses. The male protagonist, Cory and Jerry, encounter many mental tests, which affect the boy's views on life. The most obvious test which shows this is the dealing with a close one's death. In Boy's Life, Cory shows this best the way he completely changes his views on life and especially faith, when his best friend Davy Ray dies. A good example is when Cory says "I wasn't sure of anything anymore: not life, not afterlife, not God, not goodness." (p454). Cory begins to understand that he must have faith. In The Chocolate War, when Jerry's mother dies he begins to look at life in a new way wondering if he is wasting away his life. He wonders if he is a part of anything special, or if he is "sleepwalking" through life (p20). He later thinks of this often when he thinks about disturbing the universe. He also shares very little intimacy with his father after his mother's death and looks at him in a different way. When Jerry looks at his father one night, he wonders if his father is wasting away his life with everyday ordinary routines, and if he is turning out to be like his father (p52). The deaths involved in these two books challenge Cory and Jerry's beliefs and help them to grow and to mature into young adults. Because of the boy's determination, they are challenged in many ways. This is best shown in The Chocolate War with Jerry's decision not to sell the chocolates.

Art is life Essay

Art is life, it is beauty, it is emotion, it is you, it is me, it is everything. Art defines all that we are, and all that we could become. Art is of the past and of the future, of the influences of our daily lives, of our pasts combined with who we are today. Art is an indescribable joy, an expansion of the mind, body and soul. We are art, every last individual of the human race. Art comes in the form of music, dance, theater, painting, drawing, blowing, throwing, and even in the math equations or scientific experiments of the right brained population. Art is feeling, seeing, smelling, tasting and hearing. Art is here to titillate our senses, to create emotional and physical reactions to the viewer. Art is healing. Art is loving. Art is†¦ everything. The Value of Art After a distinctly self-contemplative night, I began to wonder what it is that attracts people to art. Certainly I consider myself an artist of sorts†¦ but what is it that makes me an artist? Why do I practice art? Why does anyone immerse themselves in abstract activities that, for the most part, do not add to financial security or other measurable values? We know that art has been around before written language. Ancient carvings and cave-wall paintings attest to an early drive to participate in artistic endeavors. I would say that our skills as artists have improved since the first cave paintings†¦ but I think there must be the same seed of creativity that connects long forgotten ancestors and modern artists. I think that the most obvious similarity is that dedicated artists tend to create art that reflects important aspects of their lives. When it comes to ancient man, what could have been more important than food and reproduction? Ancient art is ripe with images of hunting and pregnant women. As human society evolved into more stable communities, the art changed. Over time the focus on survival was supplanted with self-emulation. In ancient Egypt, for example, the art turned to worshipping the value of great kings and all-powerful gods. The same happened in most cultures. I doubt that common slaves of Egypt felt that preserving kingly honor for eternity was a motivating factor; slaves probably would have produced an entirely different art than what we  find in tombs had they the resources to create art. What is telling is that the art that survived from ancient times reflects directly the values of the people producing and preserving it: in terms of Egypt†¦ it was of the Pharaohs. European Medieval art reflects a mixture of pagan and Christian ideals. We can deduce that local kings whose roots were largely pagan mixed with the influence of Rome. The artistic work commissioned throughout this time is a constant reminder of those influences. Take this on up to our own time. An important note to take is that as the traditional religious values of historic importance in the west have been challenged in intellectual circles, the focus of art has strayed. Prehistoric art was focused on life and death†¦ ancient art turned to the afterlife and mysticism; modern art has no focus. I am confident that mass media and the internet have a large role in the change†¦ perhaps we are still too early in the new era to be able to define the motivating factor behind the art that will last; but I feel that the reality is that art has no focus in our age because it is not the secluded craft of the gifted and appointed.

Elements Of The United States - 995 Words

40) Elements of RICO were written in broad terms. To state a claim, a plaintiff must allege four elements: (1) conduct (2) of an enterprise (3) through a pattern (4) of racketeering activity.[5] Each element of a RICO claim requires additional analysis: an â€Å"enterprise† is marked by association and control; a â€Å"pattern† requires a showing of â€Å"continuity†Ã¢â‚¬â€continuous and related behavior that amounts to, or poses a threat of, continued criminal violations; and â€Å"racketeering activity† involves the violation of designated federal laws.[6] In addition, a civil RICO plaintiff must allege that it was injured in his business or property â€Å"by reason of† a violation of RICO’s substantive provisions.[7] This â€Å"by reason of† language provides the basis for the proximate cause requirement, established by the Supreme Court in Holmes and amplified in Anza and Mohawk Indus Dale Anderson and C Langstan along with the State DEQ, and City of Casper conducted an enterprise when forcing, through regulatory activity, which became a pattern of conduct. The racket of using a position of power to force others to pay more for waste disposal, so that your family makes more money, is no better than Organized Crime extorting business and families! CLAIM THREE DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PROTECTION CLAUSES 42 U.S.C. SECTION 1983 (CLAIM A) FIRST AMENDMENT 41) When Plaintiff informed the Director that Dale Anderson was married to C Langston, prior to the permitting of a Landfill that did not meet theShow MoreRelatedDiversity Is An Important Element Of The United States1430 Words   |  6 PagesDiversity is an important element of the United States of America, but also has been a topic debated over for many years. The arrival of immigrants in the United States in the 19th and early 20th century created many problems with how to deal with new cultures and naturalization of citizens of different races. 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Lesson Plan Area and Perimeter Formulas

Students will apply the area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in order to create a fence in which to house a (make-believe) pet. Class Fourth Grade Duration Two class periods Materials Graph paperGraph paper transparencyOverhead machineCirculars with fence prices or access to the Internet Key Vocabulary Area, perimeter, multiplication, width, length Objectives Students will apply the area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in order to create a fence and calculate how much fencing they are required to buy. Standards Met 4.MD.3 Apply the area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in real-world and mathematical problems. For example, find the width of a rectangular room given the area of the flooring and the length, by viewing the area formula as a multiplication equation with an unknown factor. Lesson Introduction Ask students if they have pets at home. Where do the pets live? Where do they go when you are at school and the adults are at work? If you don’t have a pet, where would you put one if you had one? Step-by-Step Procedure This lesson is best done after students have an initial understanding of the concept of area. Tell students that they are going to create a fence for their new cat or dog. This is a fence where you want the animal to have fun, but it has to be enclosed so that they are safe during the day.To begin the lesson, have students help you create a pen with an area of 40 square feet. Each square on your graph paper should represent one square foot, which will enable students to just count the squares to check their work. Begin by creating a rectangular pen, which enables you to review the formula for area. For example, the pen can be 5 feet by 8 feet, which will result in a pen with an area of 40 square feet.After you create that simple pen on the overhead, ask students to figure out what the perimeter of that fence would be. How many feet of fencing would we need to create this fence?Model and think aloud while doing another arrangement on the overhead. If we wanted to make a more creative shape, what would give the cat or dog the most room? What would be most interesting? Have students help you construct additional fences, and always have them check the area and calculate perimeter.Remark to students that they’ll need to buy fencing for the area they are creating for their pet. The second day of class will be spent calculating the perimeter and cost of the fencing.Tell students that they have 60 square feet to play with. They should work alone or in pairs to make the most interesting and also spacious area for their pet to play in, and it has to be 60 square feet. Give them the rest of the class period to choose their figuration and draw it on their graph paper.The next day, calculate the perimeter of their fence shape. Have a few students come to the front of the classroom to show their design and explain why they did it this way. Then, break students into groups of two or three in order to check their math. Dont proceed to the next section of the lesson with out accurate area and perimeter results.Calculate the fence costs. Using a Lowes or Home Depot circular, have students select a particular fence that they like. Show them how to calculate the price of their fence. If the fencing they approve of is $10.00 per foot, for example, they should multiply that amount by the total length of their fence. Depending on what your classroom expectations are, students may use calculators for this part of the lesson. Homework/Assessment Have students write a paragraph at home about why they arranged their fences like they did. When they are finished, post these in the hallway along with students drawing of their fences. Evaluation An evaluation of this lesson can be done as students are working on their plans. Sit down with one or two students at a time to ask questions such as, Why did you design your pen this way? How much room will your pet have to run around? How will you figure out how long the fence will be? Use those notes to decide who needs some extra work on this concept, and who is ready for more challenging work.